2023-05880 - PhD Position F/M Improved quantum algorithms for NOMA systems
Contract type : Fixed-term contract
Level of qualifications required : Graduate degree or equivalent
Fonction : PhD Position
Level of experience : Recently graduated
About the research centre or Inria departmentThe Inria research centre in Lyon (previously the Lyon branch of the Inria centre in Grenoble) is the 9th Inria research centre, formally created in December 2021. It brings together approximately 270 people (including 110 Inria employees) in 15 research teams and research support services.
Its staff are distributed at this stage on 2 campuses: in Villeurbanne La Doua (Centre / INSA Lyon / UCBL) on the one hand, and Lyon Gerland (ENS de Lyon) on the other. A third site should be opened in the course of 2022. The teams are mainly hosted with our partners. The centre's teams work closely with research and higher education institutions (ENS de Lyon, UCBL, INSA Lyon, etc.), their laboratories, and other research organisations in Lyon (CNRS, INRAE, competitiveness clusters, etc.), but also with Lyon and regional economic players. Many international collaborations are also underway.
The Lyon centre is active in the fields of software, distributed and high- performance computing, embedded systems, quantum computing and privacy in the digital world, but also in digital health and computational biology.
ContextThesis Objective
The objective is to improve the current quantum algorithms, to customize them for signal processing algorithms for NOMA transmission systems. In particular, the objective is to improve the performances already obtained with a basic algorithm (which proves that this is a promising approach), and ideally designing new algorithms to reduce the complexity of detection algorithms used in telecommunications, for the separation of multiple signals in large multi- user receivers (large number of antennas, large number of sensors, ...). This issue is topical because this scenario is critical for the improvement of massive IoT access systems or for 6G development.
Important information concerning the COVID-19 epidemic: in case the rules by the French government and Inria related to the epidemic make it impossible for the candidate to physically start the position at Inria Grenoble, the position will start with teleworking.
This thesis is funded by the PEPR 5G project.
Travel expenses for missions are covered.
PhD student will have the opportunity to teach in the engineering school INSA if interested.
AssignmentMissions
With the help of his supervisors, the doctoral student will focus on the use of quantum algorithms for blind detection of active users for wireless communications in the uplink. On a first approach, he / she will perform the analysis of quantum algorithms existing in the literature, for communications but also in other fields of application. The objective will be to identify the most relevant approaches for our case study, in order to be able to improve them and propose a dedicated algorithm. The validation of the algorithm will be done by simulation, thanks to the libraries already available, for example in Python, QiSkit. In parallel, he / she will work on the definition of other quantum algorithms.
Detailled subject
In the Internet of Things context, the wireless transmission of short packets has attracted a lot of attention from the scientific community as well as the operators, in particular those resulting from the uplink transmission of several hundred thousand nodes. Current technologies, based on resources reservation prior to transmission, are no longer appropriate. Indeed, their establishment cost (bandwidth, delays) is too large by comparison to the amount of data to be transmitted. Ideally, these resource allocation mechanisms should be completely removed, especially for Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) applications 2. To do so, in NOMA systems (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access), each node uses a unique coded sequence. This permits, with a high probability, to distinguish it from other nodes 3. This approach introduces interference (which can be reduced with signal processing techniques), but permits, in theory, to detect at the base station level the subset of active nodes at each instant. However, in practice, the identification of active nodes is very expensive in terms of computing resources. Indeed, all possible combinations must be evaluated to identify the most likely one. With classical algorithms (i.e. non-quantum), the search is performed among non-sortable data. Thus, the maximum reliability is obtained by exhaustive search, whose complexity grows at least linearly in n (the number of users in the considered network). Suboptimal algorithms are used to reduce this complexity, but at the expense of decreased performance (i.e. detection reliability).
Nonetheless, the emergence of quantum technologies opens up new possibilities. Indeed, exhaustive search quantum algorithms permits to test all the combinations simultaneously (thanks to the superposition principle), and to converge in √n iterations 1.
Such algorithms have already been considered for the detection of data transmitted in a multi-user wireless transmission system 6 7. In particular, in 8 and 9, we have applied Grover Algorithm for the identification of active nodes, and shown the accuracy of this approach. Nonetheless, numerous axes of improvment have been identified. The objective of this thesis is to propose new multi-user detection algorithms for wireless transmission systems, based on a quantum architecture.
1 K. Grover, “A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for databasesearch,” inProc. 1996 ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing,pp. 212–219
2 P. Schulz, M. Matthe, H. Klessig, M. Simsek, G. Fettweis, J. Ansari, S. A. Ashraf, B. Almeroth, J. Voigt, I. Riedel, A. Puschmann, A. Mitschele-Thiel, M. Muller, T. Elste, and M. Windisch, “Latency Critical IoT Applications in 5G: Perspective on the Design of Radio Interface and Network Architecture,”IEEE Communications Magazine vol. 55, pp. 70–78, feb 2017
3 M. Shirvanimoghaddam, M. Dohler, and S. J. Johnson, “Massive Non- Orthogonal Multiple Access for Cellular IoT: Potentials and Limitations,”IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 55–61, 2017.
4 R. Xie, H. Yin, X. Chen, and Z. Wang, “Many Access for Small Packets Based on Precoding and Sparsity-Aware Recovery,” IEEE Transactions on Communications , vol. 64, pp. 4680–4694, nov 20
5 Duchemin, Diane, Jean-Marie Gorce, and Claire Goursaud. "Low complexity Detector for massive uplink random access with NOMA in IoT LPWA networks." WCNC 2019.
6 Botsinis, Panagiotis, et al. "Quantum Search Algorithms for Wireless Communications." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 21.2 (2018): 1209-1242.
7 Ye, Wenjing, et al. "Quantum Search-Aided Multi-User Detection for Sparse Code Multiple Access." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 52804-52817.
8 Habibie, Muhammad Idham, Jihad Hamie, and Claire Goursaud. "Adaptation of Grover's Quantum Algorithm to Multiuser Detection in an OCDMA System." 2021 IEEE Symposium On Future Telecommunication Technologies (SOFTT). IEEE, 2021.
9 Habibie, Muhammad Idham, Jihad Hamie, and Claire Goursaud. "A Performance Comparison of Classical and Quantum Algorithm for Active User Detection." 2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC). IEEE, 2022.
Main activitiesThe candidate must have training allowing him to master the techniques of transmission of information (PHY and MAC).
Knowledge in quantum will be very appreciated, as well as good programming skills.
Languages: French, English
Benefits package1st and 2nd year: 2 051 euros gross salary /month
3rd year: 2 158 euros gross salary / month
General InformationTheme/Domain : Networks and Telecommunications System & Networks (BAP E)
Town/city : Villeurbanne
The candidate must have training allowing him to master the techniques of transmission of information (PHY and MAC).
Knowledge in quantum will be very appreciated, as well as good programming skills.
Languages: French, English
About InriaInria is the French national research institute dedicated to digital science and technology. It employs 2,600 people. Its 200 agile project teams, generally run jointly with academic partners, include more than 3,500 scientists and engineers working to meet the challenges of digital technology, often at the interface with other disciplines. The Institute also employs numerous talents in over forty different professions. 900 research support staff contribute to the preparation and development of scientific and entrepreneurial projects that have a worldwide impact.
Instruction to applyApplications must be submitted online on the Inria website.
Processing of applications sent by other channels is not guaranteed.
Defence Security : This position is likely to be situated in a restricted area (ZRR), as defined in Decree No. 2011-1425 relating to the protection of national scientific and technical potential (PPST).Authorisation to enter an area is granted by the director of the unit, following a favourable Ministerial decision, as defined in the decree of 3 July 2012 relating to the PPST. An unfavourable Ministerial decision in respect of a position situated in a ZRR would result in the cancellation of the appointment.
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